Pretrial Motions: Table of Contents
Part IV: Pretrial Motions
- TIME TO FILE PRETRIAL MOTIONS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
- NOTICE OF ALIBI……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
- NOTICE OF INSANITY OR MENTAL DEFECT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2
- AMENDMENTS TO RULE FED. CRIM. P. 12.2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2
- Notice of Defense of Governmental Authority:……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2
- CONTINUANCE……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
- DISCOVERY……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
- DISCLOSURE BY THE GOVERNMENT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
- DEFENDANT’S STATEMENT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
- WRITINGS OR TAPE RECORDINGS OF THE DEFENDANT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
- SPONTANEOUS ADMISSIONS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
- DEFENDANT’S ORAL STATEMENTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
- STATEMENTS BY DEFENDANT WHICH GOVERNMENT INTENDS TO USE AT TRIAL………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
- ORAL STATEMENTS DIFFER FROM WRITTEN……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8
- SUMMARIES OF INTERVIEWS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8
- AGENT’S ROUGH NOTES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8
- “SILENCE” MAY CONSTITUTE A DISCOVERABLE “STATEMENT”……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8
- DEFENDANT’S GRAND JURY TESTIMONY……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
- CORPORATE OFFICERS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
- PRODUCTION OF DEFENDANT’S STATEMENTS AT “DETENTION HEARING”……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
- DEFENDANT’S CRIMINAL RECORD………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10
- GOVERNMENT WITNESSES’ CRIMINAL RECORDS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10
- DOCUMENTS AND TANGIBLE OBJECTS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12
- REQUISITE SHOWING………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12
- TEXTS AND EXAMINATIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
- EXPERT WITNESS TESTIMONY, OPINION, BASIS, AND QUALIFICATIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
- GOVERNMENT WITNESSES’ NAMES AND ADDRESSES………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
- IDENTITY OF INFORMANTS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 15
- NO PRIVILEGE WHERE IDENTITY KNOWN………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 17
- RIGHT TO INTERVIEW KNOWN GOVERNMENT WITNESSES………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 19
- USE OF INFORMANTS AND DUE PROCESS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20
- CO-CONSPIRATOR STATEMENTS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20
- PRESENTENCE REPORTS OF CO-DEFENDANTS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21
- GRAND JURY MINUTES………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22
- JENCKS ACT WITNESS STATEMENT………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 25
- PRETRIAL DISCLOSURE NO LONGER PROHIBITED………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 25
- AT VERY LEAST CONTINUANCE MAY BE REQUIRED………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
- OR AN IN CAMERA HEARING………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29
- JENCK’S ACT STATEMENT LIMITATION………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29
- RECIPROCAL DISCLOSURE [THE “TWO-WAY” STREET]………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29
- COUNSEL SHOULD BE MINDFUL THAT DEFENSE WITNESSES’ STATEMENTS MAY BE DISCOVERABLE BY PROSECUTION………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 29
- CONSTITUTIONALITY OF REQUIRING AN ACCUSED TO MAKE DISCLOSURE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30
- AGENT’S ROUGH NOTES………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30
- BUT IF THEY’RE ROUGH ENOUGH………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
- REPORTS OF EXAMINATIONS AND TESTS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
- Scientific Tests and Reports 32
- Field Tests 33
- Failure to Produce 33
- DISCOVERY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT REPORTS AT PRE-TRIAL SUPPRESSION HEARING………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
- DISCOVERY FROM GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY MANUALS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34
- DISCLOSURE BY THE DEFENDANT (RECIPROCAL DISCOVERY)………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 35
- TRIGGERING RECIPROCAL DISCOVERY………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
- MATERIALITY OF GOVERNMENT REQUEST………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
- INFORMATION NOT SUBJECT TO DISCLOSURE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
- Work Product……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
- Witness Statements……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 37
- GRAND JURY TRANSCRIPTS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 37
- DEFENDANT’S TESTIMONY………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 37
- CORPORATE DEFENDANT………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 37
- GRAND JURY WITNESSS TESTIMONY………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 37
- RULE 6(e) DISCOVERY………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 38
- PARTICULARIZED NEED………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 38
- CONTINUING DUTY TO DISCLOSE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 38
- Application of Duty 38
- Failure to Disclose 39
- GOVERNMENT MAY DEPOSE DEFENSE COUNSEL IN PURSUIT OF CLIENT’S FORFEITED ASSETS………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39
- SANCTIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39
- BRADY MOTION (EVIDENCE FAVORABLE TO THE DEFENDANT)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 40
- TEST………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40
- FAVORABLE EVIDENCE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40
- IMPEACHMENT EVIDENCE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41
- SPECIFIC REQUEST REQUIRED………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41
- “IMPEACHMENT” “EXCULPATORY” EVIDENCE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 42
- PRETRIAL DISCLOSURE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 43
- NON-GOVERMENTAL AGENCIES………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 44
- CO-DEFENDANT’S EXCULPATORY STATEMENT………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 44
- EVIDENCE IMPEACHING GOVERNMENT WITNESS’ TESTIMONY………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 44
- CRIMINAL RECORD OF GOVERNMENT WITNESS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45
- COMPLAINING GOVERNMENT WITNESS’ BACKGROUND………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45
- GOVERNMENT WITNESS’ PERSONNEL FILE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45
- EVIDENCE UNDERMINING CONFIDENCE CRIME OCCURRED………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45
- EVIDENCE UNDERMINING CONFIDENCE THAT DEFENDANT WAS PERPETRATOR
- …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 45
- OR RAISING A DEFENSE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 46
- TRANSCRIPTS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 46
- PROTECTIVE ORDERS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 46
- IN CAMERA INSPECTIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 46
- Predicate for Request…………………………………………………………………………… 46
- Cases Requiring ………………………………………………………………….. 47
- Cases Not Requiring ……………………………………………………………. 47
- PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION……………………………………………………….. 47
- PRETRIAL CONFERENCE…………………………………………………………………. 50
- DEPOSITION…………………………………………………………………………………….. 52
- PRODUCTION OF BOOKS, PAPERS, DOCUMENTS OR OBJECTS…….. 53
- DISCOVERY OF ELECTRONIC SURVEILANCE……………………………….. 54
- TITLE III OF OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL AND SAFE STREETS ACT OF 1968……………………………………………………………………………………………… 56
- SUPPRESSION OF EVIDENCE…………………………………………………………… 56
- STANDARD FOR REVIEW………………………………………………………………… 57
- PRESERVATION OF ERROR……………………………………………………………… 57
- APPEAL…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 58
- BILL OF PARTICULARS R. CRIM. P. Rule 7(f)………………………….. 58
- OTHER DISCOVERY…………………………………………………………………………. 63
- SEVERANCE…………………………………………………………………………………….. 63
